Biotin is an unnumbered member of the B-complex family, normally only required in minute amounts. Biotin, a water-soluble vitamin, is used as a co-factor of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid catabolism, making biotin essential in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.235,238 Biotin plays an important role in metabolic functioning as a coenzyme carrier of activated carbon dioxide in the TCA cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle).235,239 In its coenzyme form, biotin synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, and synthesizes and breaks down certain fatty acids and amino acids.235-239